Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease characterized by the formation of granulomas (small clumps of inflammatory cells) in various organs, most commonly the lungs and lymph nodes. The exact cause is unknown, but it is believed to result from an overactive immune response to an unknown trigger, possibly an infection or environmental factor.
Common Symptoms:
- Lungs (most common): Persistent dry cough, shortness of breath, chest pain
- Skin: Rashes, lumps, or sores, often on the face or shins
- Eyes: Redness, pain, light sensitivity, blurred vision
- Lymph Nodes: Swelling, especially in the neck, armpits, or groin
- Other Organs: Liver, heart, nervous system involvement can cause a range of symptoms
Diagnosis:
- Chest X-ray or CT scan (to detect lung involvement)
- Blood tests (to check inflammatory markers and calcium levels)
- Biopsy (to confirm granulomas)
- Pulmonary function tests (to assess lung function)
Treatment:
- Mild cases: Often resolve without treatment
- Moderate to severe cases: May require corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone) or immunosuppressive drugs (e.g., methotrexate)
- Severe cases affecting the heart or nervous system: Specialized treatment, sometimes including biologic therapies
Do you have any specific concerns about sarcoidosis?