Swollen legs, or edema, occur when excess fluid builds up in the tissues of the legs, causing visible puffiness and discomfort. It is a common condition with various causes, ranging from minor lifestyle factors to serious underlying health issues.
Causes:
Swelling in the legs can result from prolonged standing or sitting, especially during travel or at work. Other common causes include pregnancy, weight gain, and high salt intake, which can lead to fluid retention. Medical conditions such as heart failure, kidney disease, liver disorders, or venous insufficiency are more serious contributors to leg swelling. Injuries, infections, or side effects of certain medications, such as those for blood pressure or hormone therapy, can also cause edema.
Symptoms:
Swelling may be accompanied by a feeling of tightness, heaviness, or discomfort. In some cases, skin discoloration, warmth, or difficulty walking may also occur.
Management and Treatment:
Lifestyle changes like elevating the legs, reducing salt intake, wearing compression stockings, and staying active can help alleviate mild swelling. For persistent or severe cases, medical evaluation is crucial to identify and treat underlying conditions.
Prevention:
Maintaining a healthy weight, staying hydrated, and avoiding prolonged immobility are key strategies to prevent leg swelling.